藏獒线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基基因序列的测定与犬科动物系统发育分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2014.08.006

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 1246-1252.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2014.08.006

藏獒线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基基因序列的测定与犬科动物系统发育分析

李隐侠，钱勇，曹少先^*

（江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所，南京 210014）

收稿日期:2014-02-18 出版日期:2014-08-23 发布日期:2014-08-23
通讯作者: 曹少先，研究员，E-mail：caoshaoxian@163.com
作者简介:李隐侠（1979-），女，河南固始人，博士，主要从事动物遗传育种研究，E-mail:liyxmh@126.com

Sequencing Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit of Tibetan Mastiff and Phylogenetic Analysis of Canidae

LI Yin-xia，QIAN Yong，CAO Shao-xian^*

(Institute of Animal Science，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Nanjing 210014，China)

Received:2014-02-18 Online:2014-08-23 Published:2014-08-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旨在研究藏獒的起源、分类地位，及其与世界上其他大型家犬品种间的系统发育关系，根据家犬线粒体基因组序列设计引物，扩增藏獒线粒体3个细胞色素氧化酶亚基基因（COⅠ、COⅡ和COⅢ）的全序列，并以大熊猫为外类群，运用邻接法和最大似然法分析包括藏獒在内的20个犬科动物的系统发育关系。结果发现，藏獒线粒体基因组中COⅠ、COⅡ和COⅢ长度分别为1 545、684和784 bp，分别编码514、227和261个氨基酸；系统发育分析发现，藏獒、12个家犬品种与灰狼聚在一起，说明藏獒与家犬亚种内其他家犬品种一样起源于灰狼；家犬亚种内的13个家犬品种可以分为3大类，藏獒与圣伯纳犬、英国老式牧羊犬、兰伯格犬聚为一类，说明藏獒与圣伯纳犬、英国老式牧羊犬、兰伯格犬的亲缘关系较近，从分子水平上证实圣伯纳犬等大型家犬品种可能含有藏獒的血统。由此得出结论：藏獒起源于灰狼，在动物学分类地位上属于食肉目、犬科、犬属、狼种、家犬亚种；圣伯纳犬等大型家犬品种在品种形成过程中可能引入了藏獒的血统。

Abstract:

Based on the sequence of mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome oxidase subunit，the origin，taxon of Tibetan Mastiff and the phylogenetic relationship between Tibetan Mastiff and other large breed dogs were studied.Primers were designed according to the mitochondrial sequence of domestic dog，to amplify COI (Cytochrome oxidase subunit 1)，COII (Cytochrome oxidase subunit 2) and COIII (Cytochrome oxidase subunit 3) of the Tibetan Mastiff.Phylogenetic trees among Tibetan Mastiff and other 19 breeds of Canidae were constructed using giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) as the outgroup.The results shown that the length of COI，COII and COIII were 1 545，684 and 784 bp，respectively，three genes coded 514，227 and 261 AA，respectively.Phylogenetic analysis displayed that the Tibetan Mastiff，12 domestic dog breeds and grey wolf clustered together，which indicated Tibetan Mastiff and other domestic dog breeds originated from grey wolf.In Canis，Tibetan Mastiff clustered together with Saint Bernard，Old English Sheepdog and Leonberger，but German Sheepdog，Swedish Elkhound and Black Russian Terrier clustered one group，middle and little breed dogs clustered together，which suggested that there were closer relationship between Tibetan Mastiff and Saint Bernard，Old English Sheepdog and Leonberger，it was confirmed that many large breed dogs in the world such as Saint Bernard were possible of having blood lineage of Tibetan Mastiff based on molecular data.The result indicate that Tibetan Mastiff originates from grey wolf，about the zoological taxon，Tibetan Mastiff belongs to Canis lupus familiaris，Canis lupus，Canis，Canidae，Carnivora，the large breed dogs such as Saint Bernard probably have the blood lineage of Tibetan Mastiff in the breed forming.

中图分类号:

李隐侠，钱勇，曹少先. 藏獒线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基基因序列的测定与犬科动物系统发育分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2014, 45(8): 1246-1252.

LI Yin-xia，QIAN Yong，CAO Shao-xian. Sequencing Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit of Tibetan Mastiff and Phylogenetic Analysis of Canidae[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2014, 45(8): 1246-1252.

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藏獒线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基基因序列的测定与犬科动物系统发育分析

Sequencing Mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit of Tibetan Mastiff and Phylogenetic Analysis of Canidae

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